In terms of the detection model, I trained it on a dataset of fairly clear satellite imagery, so it should work even on aircraft at their normal cruising altitudes. For off-the-shelf-drone altitudes, a slightly different dataset may have to be used (I'm thinking normal photographs of aircraft types might do the trick).

All the other stuff, like the onboard deployment of MinIO and an onboard inference server should work regardless of the altitude -- it becomes a question of the hardware involved at that point.