DEP is a Windows implementation of a non-executable stack, i.e., memory permissions that do not allow execution on specific pages. Depending on the situation, an attacker can e.g., mmap() a new page with the execute permission set, write his shellcode there and jump there. Another way to bypass the NX bit is to actually use gadgets (snippets of code essentially) that are already there in the code thus they can be executed and redirect your instruction pointer to those addresses. Reusing code is generally known as ROP, JOP etc. and is mitigated by PAC for ARM (after v.8.3) and CFI for Intel (11th Gen onwards I believe).

That being said, Apple implements a ton of mitigations, both on a hardware level and on a software level which generally makes exploits on Apple devices interesting to analyze and see how they bypassed stuff.