Rails is probably going to keep Ruby relevant for a lot longer than Perl. I might go as far as to predict that Ruby will be the new COBOL or FORTRAN - widely used but neither cheap nor easy to find someone to modify it.

Are you from the future? R is making progress to replacing SAS in pharma, but has a long ways to go. Here is an article from last year[0] patting themselves on the back for making a R submission to the FDA. There are oodles of existing processes where data has to be formatted just so because that is how SAS does it. Nobody wants to rip up and re-validate that code until they must.

[0] https://www.r-consortium.org/blog/2022/03/16/update-successf...

The trope about SAS being required is pretty old... people trotted that out when I last worked in pharma ~15 years ago. The FDA specifically released an article saying that R is perfectly acceptable for submission https://blog.revolutionanalytics.com/2012/06/fda-r-ok.html

Please don't spread the SAS FUD. I work in Pharma and talk to the statisticians all the time.

I currently work in pharma, and I can point to teams of SAS programmers. There are definitely R efforts, and I have no doubt it is the eventual future, but it is not yet here.