What drives it doesn't matter. Some areas may simply not be habitable sustainably.

We do seem to be working hard on making sure Canada is nice and temperate, though.

It beats -45 I guess... (that's the lowest I ever saw on my outside thermometer on St. Josephs Island).

You make a good point though: what is and what isn't habitable will change and as a result there will be substantial movement of people, displaced either by choice or by need.

I understand I was just trying to explain to myself how they were #1 in usage. I was surprised. I was also trying to define the problem since they were outpacing the USA.

Looks like Niagara falls only produces about 16 billion BTUs or 4.9 Million kWs.

Up North there are stacks of firewood everywhere and prepping for winter is an exercise in logistics. Also still many oil furnaces in active use.

Makes me wonder if the offshoring of manufacturing from the USA ended up looking like efficiency gains. If we are indeed now anchoring manufacturing it will have a much smaller energy footprint than the manufacturing we lost. Which finally brings us back to the original topic delivery of goods.