1. Acquire commercial software, or; 2. Hire a paid preparer to file it, or; 3. Use "Free File Fillable Forms" (but this isn't an option if you fall into one of the numerous special cases that it doesn't support)

So, basically, mailing in a paper return is the only free option for some people (myself included).

I genuinely don't understand why paid preparers can e-file directly with the IRS, but individuals can't. There's nothing in the linked article that says this will change, so if they go ahead and ban paper filing in a couple years, I'm not sure what options are left for people like me.

Yes, I can easily afford to shell out for software or a paid preparer if I really have to, but I'm very much against doing this on principle, since the whole tax prep industry in the US is a huge rent-seeking racket.