Modern Windows has problems with all of these as well due to the divide between classic Win32/MFC/etc programs, modern UWP/WinUI programs, and Electron programs (which each have a completely unique user interface).

Right, but I still mostly use win32-based programs, so there is a great deal of uniformity there.

Ah, I relate with some of these. Though, most of it has just been intermittent annoyances. There are things I've been able to do with X and xdotool I wouldn't have been able to do on Windows. GUI conventions have all been sane, but most things I use were things I ran on Windows (Krita, Insomnia, Discord, Obsidian, etc).

Honestly, no more or less problems than Windows. But I've found it so much easier to debug by having readily available logs and man pages. I think this might just be my use cases though.

xdotool is AutoHotKey for Linux.

On any Linux DE, you have native configurable key shortcuts (binding commands to keystrokes).

On KDE, Win+right-click for resizing a window from anywhere in the window (no need to click the edges) is awesome. Win+left-click for moving a window from anywhere in the window (no need to click the title bar) is awesome. Ctrl+Alt+Esc to turn your cursor into a little skull and crossbones and instantly kill whatever program you click the window of is awesome. Dolphin is amazing compared to Explorer (tabs, split views, rich file metadata displayed right below filenames).

Windows UX has nothing on KDE's UX, and I never wanna go back to an OS that can't translate billions of dollars to features I can get for free because it treats me as a dataminable cost center.