Yes, there are other courts than the US ones, and generally the law there is significantly more favourable to TDM with regards to copyright, with the exception of the PRC.

Examples:

Japan: Article 30-4 of the Japanese Copyright Act. No special action on the part of companies is necessary for compliance. All models are legal so long as their output is legal.

The UK: s.29A of the Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988 (CDPA). Models must be trained by non-profit research institutes, and can then be used by anyone (including for profit entities); similar to the Stable Diffusion model.

The EU: Articles 3 & 4 of the Directive on Copyright in the Digital Single Market (CDSM). There are no restrictions on non-profit TDM, same as the UK. For-profit TDM is exempted from copyright so long as the data harvesting process respects an "opt-out" process, where specific contractual forms/disclosures of opting out of inclusion in the training data are respected.

Singapore: Articles 243 & 244 of the Copyright Act. No special action on the part of companies is necessary for compliance. All models are legal so long as their output is legal.