Lex Fridman had a very good discussion of the topic with Harvard professor and author Randall Kennedy: https://open.spotify.com/episode/3WRIDTV6l5WcbNt2aaO02K?si=f... The discussion of affirmative action starts at 2:22. The entire episode is very much worth listening to if you want to get hear a nuanced perspective on race problems in the US.