For me the most interesting parallel is from (I think) GANs, and other generative AIs. This is similar to the idea in psychology that we are really doing a lot of projection with some correction based on sensory input - as opposed to actually perceiving everything around us.

Also, real synapses are one of the most abundant features of real brains and are the direct inspiration for NN weights. I'm not sure the artificial brains help understand real ones, but they do seem to validate some ideas we have about real ones.