This is abstracted away from the customer and there is a wider and richer grayscale than at least I imagined before working at a data company and looking at IP providers for outbound. You have your TV sticks and VPN providers where a careful squinting at the ToS will tell you that users on the other end are signing off on the right to have their bandwidth leased. I don't see how else the supposedly legitimate providers of residential IPs could possibly offer the supply, geo-diversity, and pricing they do.