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Re:Reduced cancer mortality with daily Vitamin D intake by oldgradstudent on Tuesday May 09, 2023 @12:42PM (#35877004)
Maybe, but with 14 studies you have ~2^14 ways to split the studies into two groups.

If you test multiple hypotheses, you have too adjust the p-value accordingly.

Have the authors disclosed how many alternative hypotheses were tested until the result in the article was found to be significant?

Re:Reduced cancer mortality with daily Vitamin D intake by anonymouskimmer on Tuesday May 09, 2023 @02:25PM (#35878439)
P-values don't prove anything about whether an effect is real or not. They, at most, provide some degree of confidence with the presumption that the independent and dependent variables are indeed independent and dependent.

P-values should, at most, be used to direct further mechanistic studies (if possible). Only use them on their lonesome if this hasn't yet been done, or isn't possible. And if that's the case, reverify them independently (such as by doing another meta-analysis using different research).