Germany’s energy strategy over the last fifty years has been garbage, this is clear with the benefit of hindsight. It’s wound up with dirty, expensive power produced from a series of hard-pivot policy maneuvres, some forced by prior policy mistakes (Russian gas) and some by emotions (going cold turkey on nukes).

Chinese cheap solar was boosted by Germany but in no way dependent on it. Energiewiende produced no lasting technological advantage for German industry or the world. German aims were noble, but the execution was complete crap.