I'm really glad to hear that, because to me it does seem like Elixir is the FPL that is closest to satisfying a GSD mentality and not getting caught up in too many interesting rabbit holes.
In about 6 years of working with Elixir, I've found it easier to debug than pretty much every other language I've ever worked in. But to be fair, I've mostly been working on code I've written myself in that time (although you'd be surprised what you forget in a year and then go back to).
You can also add typespecs; I know it's opt-in, but it's something, and it will get checked.
Functional Programing can be static or dynamic.
Also, Rust isn't an FP language, per say, it has way more in common with the imperative programming paradigm with some ergonomics lifted from the ML family of languages, specifically around it's type systems.