Russel and Whitehead attempted to formulate such a convention. Much of our computer science derives from this very idea.

The short answer is no. Notation varies from field to field and while there are broadly-agreed standards there are minor variations everywhere. Most people I know who do research mathematics do not believe that more rigorous formalization of notation would help them. Human brains are fuzzy and benefit from loose syntax in certain ways. We are a long, long way from using a language sufficiently well-specified and precise for automated checking to be possible on a large scale. Arxiv.org has a huge corpus for anyone interested in figuring out the scale of this problem.