Just seen this one on my ancient Thinkpad. Mesa-21.3.5 is fine, mesa-23.0.1 fails to pick up the graphics card and drops to llvmpipe software rendering.

It has to be said that llvmpipe seems usable even with Firefox, but not as good as reverting to mesa-21.3.5 so accelerated graphics actually works.

(17 years is a good run and I have my eye on a nice clean X201)