No, the whole point is that with this bug is that more filtering or stripping would not fix/prevent it. The problem is not some kind of "trailing data in memory" issue.

The bug is you say "write to this file" which is meant to erase the existing file if such exists, but the underlying library either had a serious regression, or intentionally broke API compatibility, and changed the behavior to not erase the existing data. Your exif stripping + reserialization would write the new data down and the trailing data from the original file would still be present: e.g. exactly what is happening in this bug.

No amount of processing in memory, no amount of reserialization, no amount of data filtering prevents this bug. The bug occurs at the point of IO, because the IO is meant to have erased the original file, and it did not, so if you write fewer bytes to the destination file than were present in file being overwritten the tail of the overwritten file remains and is leaked.

To make it very clear that this is not an error in processing the image: if you opened "image1.png" (or whatever format), edit it, and then saved it over a different file that already exists, say "image2.png", and then send image2.png to someone, this bug will allow the recipient to extract the trailing data for the original image2.png, it would not show any information about the original image1.png.

This is not the case when the exif stripping is happening at the service side (By online platforms, in my original comment). Yes, anything happening before save is useless because the trailing data is kept. But if a service (e.g., Facebook) then does exif stripping via re-serialization the trailing data is lost.

Server side filtering isn't relevant. A user editing or removing things from their photo does not expect that data to exist on the image uploaded to a server.

The uppermost comment in this thread is making the suggestion to use server-side filtering just in case something goes wrong with end-user software. So that's why other commenters were using this assumption and ignoring the software itself.