For criminal charges, yes, but that doesn’t mean there aren’t other consequences. For example, a professional engineer can lose their license if they are found to be negligent or deceitful even if it doesn’t rise to the level of criminal charges. This is one of the reasons why most other fields using the term “engineer” don’t think software meets the same level, and having known a couple of people who completed PE qualifications I can understand why.

I don’t think that would make sense for all software development but it certainly doesn’t seem unreasonable to think that, say, the FSD team at Tesla or the accounting team at a bank should be held to a higher level of expectations (and presumably pay) than the ad click optimization team at some retailer.