At least in Australia, IBKR used to have a fairly limited margin product that actually precluded you from being exposed to a possibly negative balance - I've probably overgeneralised that case (or thought it was more common than it is). I can't find a reference to those particular terms anymore. Obviously being IBKR, they have very aggressive auto-liquidation if you get margin called (ie. you don't get one).

I did end up finding the specific agreement - it pertains to Australian retail clients (https://gdcdyn.interactivebrokers.com/Universal/servlet/Regi...), and clauses 3 and 7 lay out that retail clients are not liable for a negative balance arising from a margin liquidation. Retail clients for Australia have pretty limited margin (25 or 50k iirc), so this isn't super high risk for most people regardless (can't lose that much money).

The other stuff I talk about arises from other products in Australia as well - it's possible to borrow money and buy shares without being exposed to margin calls, so long as you make repayments on the loan. It's pretty different to a traditional margin account though, and only really applies to ETFs (NAB Equity Builder). I also imagined that existed elsewhere, but really I'm only speaking from what I've seen available in Australia.

Nothing you claim is stated in that document you linked and as someone who has done a great deal of business with IBKR for the better part of 15 years now as well as one of the largest market makers on the Australian markets making up approximately 5% of all ASX and CHIX volume, I assure you there absolutely no protection provided to a client whose balance enters into a negative position.

Clause 3.A.e specifically states that trading on margin can result in a loss of funds greater than that deposited into your account and that you accept that risk.

In conjunction with Clause 7.K which states that you must reimburse the broker for any liabilities as a result of the liquidation undertaken by the broker.

You are always on the hook for the full amount of losses on margin.

Fair enough - I looked at terms 7F (retail clients) - There was more context when I read about it a couple of years ago, or perhaps I'm simply misremembering (and I'm hardly a lawyer..)