It's also part of fuchsia which is shipping in all those nest devices. I wonder when folks will decide it's really "made it".
In order to just compile a single Hello world program, you need to install the standead library, a linker and a compiler, each with their own version.
There is too many ways that compilation could fall, and fixing them requires extensive knowledge about different aspects, like how linker works, how is C++ standardized, etc.
The error message you got is really unhelpful. Missing a virtual keyword in a destructor, and you got a few hundred lines of error message and none of them mentioned "virtual". Segment fault is hard to trace because you do not have any error message at all.
Rust is just a lot simpler because it remove/abstract away lots of complexity. Just install Rust with rustup and it will just work. Error message is pretty helpful too.
New developers and young people are not choosing C++ as a language these days. Rust is 'hot' and has much more mindshare even if it's not being used in large enterprises much yet.
What are the demographics of the developers you talk to? That may clear up your confusion.