Litestream (wal -> object storage), Rqlite (wrap in http layer + raft + streaming changes between nodes; rqlite kinda defeats much of the purpose for me), Dqlite (in-process server-thread + raft + streaming changes; dqlite obscures that there are server threads plus network communication involved, but it's there), LiteReplica (VFS extension streaming to a replica), Verneull (VFS extension -> object storage), Sqlite Ceph VFS (VFS extension storing to RADOS)

Very different sets of tradeoffs. E.g. several of these requires you to run a separate tool to do the replication. Several depends on object storage either for the primary storage (the Ceph extension) or as the replication target / to restore from, which may be fine if you already have a compatible object store. Some can use e.g. Consul to control which server is the writer.

> Another approach I like is to use a replicated block storage like GCP Regional Persistent Disks. This is making failover trivial. But then I'm not sure the replica can be used as a read-only copy.

Block storage that can guarantee in-order read/writes is fine. Network filesystems that can guarantee in-order writes and support proper locking can also allow writes (with the usual caveats) from multiple nodes. The problem here is that you really must be sure, and often - e.g. for NFS - it can appear to work just fine but be just broken enough you'll run into it at just the wrong moment.