Calculus doesn’t solve this. Creating a way to solve sums of infinite series does not itself prove anything about the mechanism of the physical world. Yes, obviously motion is possible. And 1/2 + 1/4 + 1/8 … = 1. But that doesn’t tell you how the motion can actually go through all those steps in finite time. It might very well be that the only reason the universe works is because it’s discrete, not continuous.