Erlang qua Erlang doesn't have any transactions, either, so Erlang qua Erlang can't fail that way.

In general, whatever it was the crashing process was doing can still have failed. This obviously doesn't magically fix database transactions, or make it so files are never half written because it crashed in the meantime, or any other "external" action that you can still have failed to protect properly from crashes. It only means that the runtime can't get stuck due to locks failing to be released.

But hey, that's something!