The limits depends on the jurisdiction.

And harder to claw back funds after you’re already dead and the estate has been settled. Or you’ve already spent it all.

I feel like I'm missing something here. Are you saying the optimal strategy is to withdraw early, keep your mouth shut, and then...die? Are these schemes usually long-lasting enough that a non-trivial number of people who invest early would be expected to die by the time they're discovered?

As long as you don’t claw back after you die.

> Or you’ve already spent it all.

This is only true if you never have income in the future. They can garnish and/or reach in and take other assets