Also Portugal has no legal concept of private beach, although some Algarve hotels try to make access difficult in a somewhat misleading way.

This is a good legal overview: "Beach Access, Property Rights, and Social-Distributive Questions: A Cross-National Legal Perspective of Fifteen Countries" - https://www.mdpi.com/2071-1050/14/7/4237/htm

The extent of shoreline is different per countries that enforce it: https://www.mdpi.com/sustainability/sustainability-14-04237/...