I often say to people that the most important thing physics gave me was being comfortable not knowing something. My math and physics education have 100% changed the way I think and address problems in life, despite not going into a physics career.

Since it is a book thread:

The Information: James Gleick - really made me take a step back to think about what information is and how we talk about it

Reinventing Discovery: Michael Nielsen - It was some years back now but I had trouble reading it because I kept having to write things down or read about a new idea the book just put into my head. It really was thought provoking at the time.

In the same vein as “The Information” you might enjoy Cesar Hidalgos “Why Information Grows” https://www.amazon.com/dp/0465096840?crid=W41QXVYZQMRM&keywo... where he takes a physicists view on information with a bent towards economics

10 points for James Gleick's The Information. Both that and Chaos blew my tiny little mind.

[Addendum] …or, generally, any book about back-of-the-envelope calculations (or Fermi estimates). I heard there are some great ones.

I'd be interested in recommendations about books like this.