>Aren't phones getting larger and larger pretty much every year?

Not really. And the choice between battery life and a second charging port nobody cares about, because it isn't "the one" is rather obvious.

I believe today's iphones are larger than the first iphones. Am I wrong? Not to mention the Samsung high-end stuff.

What are you even debating here? You said phones get larger every year, they really do not. Although in the past smaller phones have been more common. There is no contradiction.

This also misses the point entirely. The point being, the number of ports decreases the volume available for everything else.

Look at the size of the 3 first iPhone generations for example.