I don't know much about this whole thing. It sounds likely there will be investigations, and they may prove "large scale theft" at that time. But right now resigning is the only way for him to "take responsibility".
When everything was going down he tweeted something on the line that everything was fine, he later deleted that but for sure there's an archive somewhere (and I'm sure Elon would be GLAD to provide that data). That's fraud, and I'm sure there's a lot more like that once the DOJ/SEC start looking around.
I like SBF, honestly, I like his personality, I don't believe he's a bad person, I could even believe (with a truckload of salt) that all of this happened without him being fully aware of what was going on. But, real is real, and I'm quite sure he will do jail time.
Only a court can decide that.