It isn't possible because JavaScript doesn't have the required reflection abilities to understand what the anonymous function in

  users.Where(u => u.id == id); 

means. It can get a string representation, eg. 'u => u.id == id', but it has no access to id, so it won't know what to put in place of $id here:

  select * from users where id = $id

I used to use EF a lot, and it does feel very easy to write non-complex queries that traverse whatever abstraction it represents the database as, but ultimately, that abstraction is not really what the database is at all, and that can have some downsides.