Next.js is just front end focused and has always left it up to the user to decide about data persistence.
So to answer the original question, an equivalent would be Next+Database, and there is obvious stand-out answer for what Database should be. I often get stuck deciding what that Something should be when trying to go from 0 to 1.
A DB is as simple as pressing a button on Planetscale or Railway, copying the secret strings to your .env file, and 'npx prisma db push'.
I have written Next apps that just connect directly to PostgreSQL, but I always end up adding other tools in an attempt to recreate something like ActiveModel and other aspects of Rails in Next.js, and it ends up turning into a mess. I think Rails+Next would avoid this problem. It would be two apps, but each would very clearly focused and would be built following the golden path of their respective frameworks. (One thing I’m not sure about yet is how I would DRYly share endpoint schemas from Rails in order to have strong typings in the Next app based on the API endpoints. But I don’t think it should be too hard to find a nice way to do this.)
Not for something that "scales to 100 teams", just something for me to spin an app up in quickly. i.e. 0 to 1 is the only thing that matters.