There have been plenty of cargo companies paying ransom to get their ships back, but those ships were crewed by a handful of people and taken over.
Further, oil companies and cruise lines benefit from the protection of nearby navies as well as deterrence via international law enforcement. Would a seastead be provided the same?
Less than a millions dollars or so of equipment and a few dozen militia would be enough to repel any pirate incursion to date. Pirates are in it for the money, they aren't going to be willing to accept large casualties.
IMO, a natural disaster is a bigger concern for a seastead though.
A few 3" naval guns should handle any pirate incursion. It wouldn't really cost very much to arm a seastead enough to make it a very costly target for non-governmental attackers.
I agree though that they have much bigger issues than pirates.
[1]http://www.nytimes.com/2011/03/24/world/africa/24qaddafi.htm...
[2]http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chiquita_Brands_International#P...