For example, in universities that aggressively go after cheaters, an adversarial relationship develops between the students and the faculty. The students collaborate on cheating, and get social credibility for cheating. Students will brag about successfully cheating to their peers.
On the other hand, at Caltech, we had an Honor System. Exams were not proctored, and students could take the exams whenever and wherever they wanted. The students were on their honor not to cheat. And an interesting thing happened. The students developed a collaborative relationship with the professors. Cheaters were despised and ostracized. If you were cheating, you'd better keep it to yourself - the other students would turn you in, and at that point you might as well leave the university.
"The student-faculty ratio at California Institute of Technology is 3:1, and the school has 66.7% of its classes with fewer than 20 students."
https://www.usnews.com/best-colleges/california-institute-of...
Suppressing cheating is work on behalf of the good faith students. Miserable work it is.