100% is a bit of an exaggeration. I’ve heard of one place with a 100% overhead rate and it was for something very specialized (marine research vessels, which probably do eat money). Everywhere else I know of is near 50 percent, and this includes “famous” places (Yale, McGill, MIT, Georgetown, etc).

The overhead rates are supposed to reflect the University’s actual costs and are negotiated with the government, so I suppose you could try to make a FOIA request for them.