If your DjVu file contains an exploit for your DjVu decoder, even if you run it in a bombproof container, it could still conceivably inject malicious code into the resulting PDF file. That sounds far-fetched because the exploit payload would need to recognize that a PDF conversion was going on and respond by generating the PDF, but I remember when people thought exploiting buffer overflows was implausible, and this is not the same level of rocket science.