>Control+(left arrow|right arrow) does it for me. It doesn't hop across destops but it gets me where I want quickly without moving my hand off the keyboard.
You can create desktop-specific shortcuts in Keyboard → Shortcuts → Mission Control → Switch to Desktop N
Not natively but Rectangle.app is a FOSS app that has them.
> jump to spaces
Control+(left arrow|right arrow) does it for me. It doesn't hop across destops but it gets me where I want quickly without moving my hand off the keyboard.
> fullscreen windows being their own space but then returning to a previous space when fullscreen is exited
I'm not sure what you'd consider superior to this. If I have a window on Desktop 2 and make it fullscreen, I usually want it to go back to Desktop 2 when I exit it.