What's the rationale behind that? That's really a penalty for early repayment - is it set by law, or is it just something that is part of a standard Canadian mortgage contract?

30-year fixed rate mortgages should not exist.

They only exist in the US and Denmark: https://www.thediff.co/p/the-30-year-mortgage-is-an-intrinsi...

And they only exist because of A LOT of government intervention.

If interest rates don't continue to only go down - I imagine you'll see them disappear in the US and Denmark.

US & EU banks mostly make their mortgage profits from constantly refinancing at ever lower rates.

You are right that they wouldn’t normally exist without government intervention.

But banks don’t profit off the interest rate on mortgages. It’s mostly origination fees. Mortgages are sold off immediately. They don’t hold onto them.

It’s just standard. The standard Canadian mortgage contract is for a 5-year term with a fixed rate. Variable rate mortgages have notably lower costs to end early. (Early repayment terms are typically something like “can optionally pay up to 15% extra per year without penalty.”)

Here in Sweden if I have a fixed rate mortgage and want to repay early or refinance at a lower interest rate, I have to pay a penalty which is essentially equal to what the bank is losing in out on in 'missed' interest payments.