I really enjoyed Common-Sense-Guide-Structures-Algorithms https://www.amazon.com/Common-Sense-Guide-Structures-Algorit...

Since it was more pragmatic and less math driven.

Cormen et al (Introduction to Algorithms, first in OP's quick reference books) is a decent book on data structures and algorithms, although I'm always irritated that it doesn't include answers to the exercises. I read Sedgewick's "Algorithms" in college and I remember it being pretty good. Knuth (The Art of Computer Programming) is amazing, but be prepared to invest a lot of time into it (them).

Algorithm Design Manual