For corporate cards (and I beleive gift cards and debit, no idea about privacy cards they didn't exist yet) when I wrote this sort of software way back you could identify by card ranges/format (that was the case in the past), just like how you identify if a card is Visa, Mastercard, Amex. A Visa subrange will be corporate, restricted purchase, etc. So for example, a trucker can have a corporate card that works to purchase gas outside but not the CStore inside.

If you know someone who write's merchant software they should be able to get you the ranges from their payment processor's specs.