I was initially a skeptic of the cost of Fibre-To-The-Premises, but in hindsight for New Zealand (≈Oregon) I think a national rollout of fibre was very effective[3][4].

AFAIK fibre is more resilient to catastrophes (like earthquakes[1][2] in Christchurch or California), and having a high speed residential fibre network definitely helped during Covid.

I am uncertain what you mean by “efficient”. Perhaps link to something that backs up your opinion?

[1] https://az659834.vo.msecnd.net/eventsaircancprod/production-...

[2] https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Sonia-Giovinazzi-2/publ...

[3] https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=29791864

[4] https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=25339491