re-pricing of options or an exchange [1] is indeed a very important aspect of compensation of private companies. While public companies value options based on publicly reported figures (and are restricted by NYSE/NASDAQ), private ones have to follow set rules in the 409a [2].

[1] https://www.shearman.com/perspectives/2020/03/revisiting-sto...

[2] https://www.loeb.com/en/insights/publications/2007/05/sectio...