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Re:The human genome is, at long last, complete by shadowgovt on Saturday April 02, 2022 @01:41PM (#30890076)
It would have been wise to declare it "the unknown regions" or "the frontier," I think. Something to more closely indicate that our gap of understanding was wider than indicated by the moniker the project chose.

And I also agree with the bad assumption on the remaining 8% not being significant when we knew that it was structurally different. Less than 8% of an ELF is the header, but boy howdy will that thing not run well if you cut it off.

Re:The human genome is, at long last, complete by TheJoeMan on Saturday April 02, 2022 @02:09PM (#30890300)
Calling the "junk DNA" a "header" is closer to what it may do, but still slightly different because in computer software a header is still read with the same codec (bits) as the data, much like DNA is usually read with the protein codec.

Instead, we are learning the "unknown" DNA performs biological functions due to its physical nature, such as physically blocking things from binding.

Imagine if a small section of a hard drive was so strongly magnetized that it repulsed the read head - if you were trying to translate it into binary it would appear to be nonsense.

Re:The human genome is, at long last, complete by robwwilliams on Saturday April 02, 2022 @11:38PM (#30894200)
We are not learning that. Much unknown DNA is repetitive crufts. Get used to it. Biology is even messier than coding.
Re:The human genome is, at long last, complete by xenadu02 on Sunday April 03, 2022 @02:09AM (#30894837)
Im not sure which of your many comments to respond to here but we certainly have learned that a small part of "junk" DNA (as that term was originally meant) performs useful functions not directly related to protein coding. So the comment you replied to is absolutely accurate.

Of course you are accurate as well: if we subtract the protein coding and the known non-coding but useful bits the rest is almost certainly absolute junk... duplications, bits of retroviruses, etc. But it would be inappropriate to claim we are absolutely certain none of it is useful. Will we find out 50% is useful? Obviously not. But I would rather say "current evidence suggests at least 97% is true junk; we are not likely to find large sequences with hidden uses at this point".

Re:The human genome is, at long last, complete by shadowgovt on Sunday April 03, 2022 @12:04PM (#30897934)
To build a (bad) analogy to human cultures... There are two things we lock up tight. Things that could cause damage if freely accessed or openly roaming, and things that it is vital to protect and must not be changed.

My rough read of biology is that it could use the same mechanism to lock down both.

Re:The human genome is, at long last, complete by robwwilliams on Saturday April 02, 2022 @11:36PM (#30894191)
No. If a cat walks all over your keyboard while you are away getting a cup of coffee and types in several lines of gibberish would you call that “code of unknown function”. By the way, the delete key on you keyboard is broken.

Why is a viral insertion any different? Why is a recombination error any different?

Re:The human genome is, at long last, complete by shadowgovt on Sunday April 03, 2022 @12:11PM (#30897977)
It's not, but I think it was premature to assume that's what the un-decodrd sections are.

Looking at the hex dump of RAM, some repetition is garbage, some is lookup tables with multiple entries into the same routine, some is initialized scratch memory for distant functions. It'd be premature to assume it's worthless.

Software code analogies to biological encoding break down, of course, because code is built intentionally and biological systems aren't. On the flip side, that very lack of intentionality in biological systems means it's risky to assume something is junk without a really holistic understanding of the context.