FWIW, the default behavior in Emacs is that tab indents the line to what its heuristics tell it the line should be at, no matter where your cursor is in the line. This is confusing at first, but as long as the heuristic is correct it's pretty nice (but it drives you crazy when the heuristic is wrong for whatever reason).
This obviously doesn't work if there are non-ascii characters that (have to) use a different font and hence having different widths. Or if you prefer variable-width font, then a purely ascii document will break tab.
The developers reply on github that this (characters having different widths) is a frontend thing and they don't have enough API that can fix this. But of course since vscode is an open source project you can always fork it and fix it yourself.
I don't know any other editor that cannot handle tab.