Binary implies two. Both B-trees and BSTs exist in the universe of m-ary trees. A BST and a B-tree would be equivalent only if the branching factor of the B-tree was set to 2, but practically this is rarely the case with indexes, given that a higher branching factor is generally more favorable to lookup times (“block accesses”) since the hight of the B-tree is reduced as m increases.

> practically this is rarely the case with indexes

Seems like it would be extremely odd to have a 2-2 btree, you’d just get a significantly more complicated BST no?

I’d figure you’d want to fill a cacheline with something typical-ish, so probably at least 4 (this way if you have 4 children and 3 keys, the keys are 8 bytes and the child links are straight pointers your node is 56 bytes and you can add some metadata e.g. a bitmap).

Apparently Rust’s BTreeMap is a 6-11 btree but I don’t know how they picked the branching factor.

Not binary, it can and generally has more than 2 children per node. That's the main difference.