This sounds like less a problem with Java or Kotlin and more a problem with the development team. If you're dealing with a bunch of new developers who just barely read the GoF book and think it's a prescriptive guide to all things code, you're going to end up with a lot of boilerplate. But if you turn a bunch of new developers loose in any language without supervision, they're going to build something bad.

There's nothing in the languages themselves that forces you to use inappropriate design patterns, and as the parent mentions, modern Java and Kotlin have improved a ton in reducing boilerplate. I'm not actually sure what it is that you think they're missing that Python or JavaScript have, unless it's just that you prefer dynamic typing.