Fundamentally I believe it’s a communication problem + a problem of “engineers gonna engineer” to launch the next Big Win™ for their team / resume.
If I were looking for an honest solution for the first part, I might start with a standardized way of classifying technical problems and solitons. Maybe then it would be possible to build a directory of sorts for existing solutions that could be referenced when the need for a solution arises anywhere within the company.
I mean Google reinvents chat every couple of years, and that's just the ones that come out in public <_<