Yes, at a low (assembly-like) level, "circuits" define how a series of gate operations are applied to qubits. Various abstractions make this easier, including the languages and frameworks mentioned in the linked article.

Interesting to note is the recent formation of the Linux Foundation's QIR Alliance[0], which has specified a quantum intermediate representation within LLVM to bridge the quantum software/hardware ecosystem.

[0]: https://www.linuxfoundation.org/press-release/new-quantum-in...