In my experience, it really isn't! Whenever I see a bad take on Twitter, I generally see some sort of rebuttal within the first dozen or so replies. If you expand that rebuttal, you start to see some argumentation, which to me is the interesting part of Twitter.
I think part of what makes HN's downvote system viable is that it's a well-defined community, you need a lot of karma relatively speaking to unlock the downvote privilege, and in practice comments are only downvoted if they are off-topic or poorly articulated.
In that same vein Stack Exchange's downvote system works well too, because karma (rep) is tracked individually per-community and you likewise need a certain amount of it to unlock the downvote privilege. This makes it so that on SE and HN alike, the people with some seniority in the community are the ones to help dictate what should be surfaced by the site.
On Twitter though, it's liable to turn into the same mess Reddit has. Because there is no hard line between different communities, you can't have a meaningful per-community karma limit for the downvote privilege. This eventually devolves into a free-for-all where users brigade other subreddits (and on Twitter, other users' feeds) to mass downvote opinions they disagree with, no matter how articulate or well-sourced they are.
Reddit has its problems but the idea that it’s somehow worse than Twitter is laughable.
Even with vote brigading subreddits are moderated and so actual content brigading is much rarer. Can you say the same about Twitter?
You can try to build a bubble on Twitter but something will inevitably slip in.
I also don't think that up/downvotes are likely to change that for Twitter, since Twitter's culture is essentially built around bull sessions[1]. A key part of socializing during bull sessions is mockery, and getting buy-in from your group to perform mockery/ragging on another person in then group (who is supposed to gracefully accept said mockery).
[1]: https://www.urbandictionary.com/define.php?term=bull%20sessi...
It really makes a difference to the overall discourse. Something that is missing on most other places on the web!
But seriously: HN has downvotes, and almost every thread follows the basic structure of a somewhat healthy argumentative environment (alternating positive-negative comments down each child node). Things get downvoted (and you're entitled to any number of sour feelings about which things those are), but the overall structure of this site's comments demonstrates that up/downvotes aren't themselves toxic to discussion.