I think the difference is what the effect is. If China or the US or whoever subsidizes its own industry, people complain but it's not a big deal. I've never really heard any complaints about any of China's state-owned enterprises. Nobody complains that China sells electricity inside China for less than the cost of production; nobody complains about US farm subsidies. What people complain about is when it alters market dynamics. Selling solar panels below the cost of production (I assume that's what happened) upsets people.