Here is a very direct question:
How does BTC or any other currency protect itself from a goverment?
Imagine that a very big government decides to mine BTCs, will not they control the BTC if they have enough miners? And when I say a government controls imagine: slowing down mining, making it illegal, or limiting it in general population, forcing people to declare thei cryptocurrencies, putting a cap on how much one person can hold personally and forcing you to keep them in an official wallet ...
So how can a crypto currency be independent from a government. The government makes laws and as a citizen you are forced to follow them. Crypto cannot escape this, no matter the technology as the control is not technological, is legal, political and social. It is a social contract that I agree a technology can make it harder to discover some nasty business a citizen is doing, but that does not mean it cannot be control.
Don't get me started on corporations. Imagine Google or AWS decides to use his computing power to mine BTCs or whatever crypto. They will in fact control de market.
Please hypothetically prove me wrong with arguments.
This all already happened multiple times, but miners are so distributed across the globe that this has nearly no impact.
It’s also pretty hard for a country to spin up this much mining power, because it simply takes a lot of time to manufacture ASICs.
It’s also very expensive. $34B at the very least and rather $100B. https://gobitcoin.io/tools/cost-51-attack/
No country has this much free cash available for shenanigans like this, not even the US.
The currency of a nation has inherent monetary value because it is backed by the state; the details of what that means will vary from jurisdiction to jurisdiction, but except in states undergoing massive crises, you can still be sure that if you hold their currency, you have something of value and can transact business.
Bitcoin is backed by nothing but other people holding Bitcoin.
As for the attributes you list:
1. Immutability is a double-edged sword. There are legitimate situations where you want mutability.
2. Artificial scarcity of a digital thing is only beneficial if you are among those holding large amounts of it.
3 & 4 (basically the same). This is both a huge negative for many people, and only true until those institutions' policies, laws, regulations, etc catch up with Bitcoin and either fit it within their existing structures or ban it entirely.
5. It's really not that accessible unless you're already fairly wealthy and digitally savvy.
1. Immutability - clearly a negative feature, no way for humans to manage transactions and correct mistakes.
2. Limited supply - very bad for a "currency"
3. No censorship resistance in bitcoin, but ease of tax evasion due to exterritorial nature. IRS may find you easily but can't do anything. On the other hand oppressive regimes can both find you can prosecute you because in that case you are physically in the regime's country.
4. Dependence on a handful of anonymous guys in the non extradition offshore printing tokens to pump price with zero oversite. I pick governments. Also Bitcoins are not really independent from governments for the lawful citizens.
5. Zero accessibility after more than a decade in production.
Independence, you are very much dependent on the internet, miners, etc. Yes, you can use the tool to avoid detection of a nefarious state actor. But you'd be breaking the local law, willingly and knowingly. That's a risk. At one point, police are going to recognize these sweet 'lil Ledger and Trezor hardware wallets. Furthermore, if a large local economy would collapse, like say in my case EUR, it'd take Bitcoin with it. I admit, it makes sense to avoid currency in small economies in crook countries, but you're choosing for your own benefit instead of the state you live in.
Accessibility, since a lot of people use mobile smartphones, they cannot sync the blockchain to it. Many are dependent on third party like exchanges. Hardly independent of corporations.
Immutability, you can lose your private key and be done with it. If I lose my bank card, I can disable it and just get a new one. With NFTs, these depend on a third party resource. Which depends on USD or EUR or whatever in order to be paid. These also depend on authority of whoever made the blockchain or smart contract.
You didn't mention anonymity, because Bitcoin isn't. Yes, it takes effort, but it can be anonymized. The reason it supposedly doesn't happen is 1) if you are investigator and know a vulnerability to do so, you're best to keep it private for reuse 2) you apply parallel construction instead. But specialists who can do this exist. Its just that they're expensive, so they only go after big fish not Pablo who sends some Bitcoin from El Salvador to USA.
> You can also pay your taxes in crypto in many countries.
(It is called cryptocurrency, not crypto, but yes you can recognize cryptocurrency proponents by the way they call their asset.)
No, I cannot, as Bitcoin is not a currency. I have to pay my tax in EUR.
> It’s 2022 and people still don’t get that.
This kind of straw man is useless.
1. Immutability
2. Limited supply
3. Censorship-resistance
4. Independence of governments, nations, banks, institutions, corporations
5. Accessibility
You can also pay your taxes in crypto in many countries.
The dollar’s inherent value is very weak and not really tangible.
It’s 2022 and people still don’t get that.