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Re:U.S. FAA clears 45% of commercial plane fleet after 5G de... by supernova87a on Tuesday January 18, 2022 @12:37AM (#29975525)
To count as a precision approach (which ILS is), the equipment and procedure has to meet certain accuracy requirements (e.g. <x> feet error at <y> distance/height from touchdown) as well as the ability for the equipment itself to alert the user that things are out of tolerance within <z> seconds of being detected faulty.

I.e. the transmitter on the ground must be able to detect that something is wrong and immediately cut out the signal / report it as inop to the receiver on the plane. When you're seconds from hitting the ground, that is a requirement.

Although GPS based approaches have some aspects of this, I believe that they just don't meet the exact requirements as written currently, although they are close.

Re:U.S. FAA clears 45% of commercial plane fleet after 5G de... by NovemberWhiskey on Tuesday January 18, 2022 @09:16AM (#29979424)
Outside of the U.S., there are GPS-based precision approaches. I say GPS-based because they all require SBAS (space-based augmentation systems, like WAAS or EGNOS) rather than being pure GPS systems.

ICAO recognizes SBAS Cat I as a precision approach, and there are dozens of them in Europe (France, Austria at least).