> Torrenting by default distributes content to random strangers

Torrenting distributes to whoever has the torrent file, which you can share privately. The most common usage may be to share with strangers, but calling it the default makes it seem like it’s inherit to the protocol.

> Pure downloading from random sources (…) is perfectly legal.

Does that mean uploading to share with strangers is illegal, but downloading from a stranger isn’t?

Yes, it's only copyright infringement if you are redistributing the content.

That’s exactly how it works in Germany.. but you can just route your traffic through more favorable jurisdictions

I think streaming of illegal content became illegal in Germany in 2017. See here: https://www.simplegermany.com/streaming-in-germany/#Is_strea...

Just to clarify, because this has always been an issue with misunderstanding, but torrenting and BitTorrent isn't illegal or unlawful, much like how ships aren't. It's how you use it and what you transport over it. I could very easily use HN to send you (and other random strangers) something illegal. BitTorrent in and of itself is simply a protocol.